소금 적게 먹으면 오히려 "심장마비,뇌졸중;위험

Low-salt diets may not be beneficial for all,

;study suggests


연구에 따르면 고혈압 환자일지라도 소금 섭취가 현저히 줄어들 경우

오히려 건강에 악영향을 끼치는 것으로 나타났다.

<ngs.co.uk>

 

캐나다 맥마스터대학교 건강연구센터와 해밀턴건강과학 연구소 소속 연구진은

49개국 13만여명을 대상으로 실험을 진행했다.

연구팀은 실험 대상을 정상군과 고혈압군으로 나눠 나트륨 섭취량과 사망률·

심장 질환·뇌졸중 사이의 연관관계를 확인했다.

그 결과, 고혈압 여부와 관계없이 나트륨 섭취가 적은 사람은

나트륨을 적당량 섭취하는 이에 비해 심장마비, 뇌졸중 등 사망 위험이 큰 것으로 조사됐다.

이와 관련해 연구를 이끈 앤드루 멘트 조교수는 "이번 연구는 고혈압 환자에게

특히 중요한 의미를 가진다"면서 "나트륨 섭취가 많은 고혈압 환자는 소급 섭취를 줄여야 하지만

그렇다고 지나친 저염식 식단이 권장되는 것은 아니다"라고 말했다.

그는 "지난 5년간 수많은 연구에서 저염식 식단의 위험성이 드러났다"면서 "저염식은 해롭다.

사람들에게 저염식 식단을 권장하는 일에 신중해야 한다"고 강조했다.

세계보건기구(WHO)가 권장하는 성인 1일 소금 권장량은 5g(나트륨 환산 2000㎎)이다.
반면 캐나다 보건당국이 권장하는 하루 소급 섭취량은 2.3g이다.

이에 대해 멘트 조교수는 캐나다 권장량이 너무 적다고 주장하며 "최신 연구 결과를 반영해

소금 섭취 권장량을 수정해야 한다"고 말했다.

이번 연구는 영국 의학전문지 '랜싯(The Lancet medical journal)' 20일자에 게재됐다.

Salt reduction only important in some people with high blood pressure

May 21, 2016 /Source: McMaster University

In fact, the study suggests that the only people who need to worry about reducing sodium in their diet are those with hypertension (high blood pressure) and have high salt consumption.
The study, involving more than 130,000 people from 49 countries, was led by investigators of the Population Health Research Institute (PHRI) of McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences.
They looked specifically at whether the relationship between sodium (salt) intake and death, heart disease and stroke differs in people with high blood pressure compared to those with normal blood pressure.
The researchers showed that regardless of whether people have high blood pressure, low-sodium intake is associated with more heart attacks, strokes, and deaths compared to average intake.
"These are extremely important findings for those who are suffering from high blood pressure," said Andrew Mente, lead author of the study, a principal investigator of PHRI and an associate professor of clinical epidemiology and biostatistics at McMaster's Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine.
"While our data highlights the importance of reducing high salt intake in people with hypertension, it does not support reducing salt intake to low levels.
"Our findings are important because they show that lowering sodium is best targeted at those with hypertension who also consume high sodium diets."
Current intake of sodium in Canada is typically between 3.5 and 4 grams per day and some guidelines have recommended that the entire population lower sodium intake to below 2.3 grams per day, a level that fewer than five per cent of Canadians and people around the world consume.
Previous studies have shown that low-sodium, compared to average sodium intake, is related to increased cardiovascular risk and mortality, even though low sodium intake is associated with lower blood pressure.
This new study shows that the risks associated with low-sodium intake -- less than three grams per day -- are consistent regardless of a patient's hypertension status.
Further, the findings show that while there is a limit below which sodium intake may be unsafe, the harm associated with high sodium consumption appears to be confined to only those with hypertension.
Only about 10 per cent of the population in the global study had both hypertension and high sodium consumption (greater than 6 grams per day).
Mente said that this suggests that the majority of individuals in Canada and most countries are consuming the right amount of salt.
He added that targeted salt reduction in those who are most susceptible because of hypertension and high salt consumption may be preferable to a population-wide approach to reducing sodium intake in most countries except those where the average sodium intake is very high, such as parts of central Asia or China.
He added that what is now generally recommended as a healthy daily ceiling for sodium consumption appears to be set too low, regardless of a person's blood pressure level.
"Low sodium intake reduces blood pressure modestly, compared to average intake, but low sodium intake also has other effects, including adverse elevations of certain hormones which may outweigh any benefits. The key question is not whether blood pressure is lower with very low salt intake, instead it is whether it improves health," Mente said
Dr. Martin O'Donnell, a co-author on the study and an associate clinical professor at McMaster University and National University of Ireland Galway, said: "This study adds to our understanding of the relationship between salt intake and health, and questions the appropriateness of current guidelines that recommend low sodium intake in the entire population."
"An approach that recommends salt in moderation, particularly focused on those with hypertension, appears more in-line with current evidence." The study was funded from more than 50 sources, including the PHRI, the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.